The IUCN/SSC Shark Specialist Group
CITES and FAO International Plan of Action (IPOA) for Sharks
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Appendix-I specimens
1. An import permit issued by the Management Authority of the
State of import is required. This may be issued only if the
specimen is not to be used for primarily commercial purposes and
if the import will be for purposes that are not detrimental to the
survival of the species. In the case of a live animal or plant, the
Scientific Authority must be satisfied that the proposed recipient is
suitably equipped to house and care for it.
2. An export permit or re-export certificate issued by the
Management Authority of the State of export or re-export is also
required.
An export permit may be issued only if the specimen was legally
obtained; the trade will not be detrimental to the survival of the
species; and an import permit has already been issued.
A re-export certificate may be issued only if the specimen was
imported in accordance with the provisions of the Convention
and, in the case of a live animal or plant, if an import permit has
been issued.
In the case of a live animal or plant, it must be prepared and
shipped to minimize any risk of injury, damage to health or cruel
treatment.
Appendix-II specimens
1. An export permit or re-export certificate issued by the
Management Authority of the State of export or re-export is
required.
An export permit may be issued only if the specimen was legally
obtained and if the export will not be detrimental to the survival of
the species.
A re-export certificate may be issued only if the specimen was
imported in accordance with the Convention.
2. In the case of a live animal or plant, it must be prepared and
shipped to minimize any risk of injury, damage to health or cruel
treatment.
3. No import permit is needed unless required by national law.
In the case of specimens introduced from the sea, a certificate
has to be issued by the Management Authority of the State into
which the specimens are being brought, for species listed in
Appendix I or II. For further information, see the text of the
Convention, Article III, paragraph 5 and Article IV, paragraph 6.
Appendix-III specimens
1. In the case of trade from a State that included the species in
Appendix III, an export permit issued by the Management
Authority of that State is required. This may be issued only if the
specimen was legally obtained and, in the case of a live animal or
plant, if it will be prepared and shipped to minimize any risk of
injury, damage to health or cruel treatment.
2. In the case of export from any other State, a certificate of origin
issued by its Management Authority is required.
3. In the case of re-export, a re-export certificate issued by the
State of re-export is required
The Convention allows or requires Parties to make certain
exceptions to the general principles described above, notably in
the following cases:
- for specimens in transit or being transhipped;
- for specimens that were acquired before CITES provisions
applied to them (known as pre-Convention specimens);
- for specimens that are personal or household effects;
- for animals that were bred in captivity (this term is carefully
defined in Resolution Conf. 10.16 Rev.);
- for plants that were artificially propagated (this term is
carefully defined in Resolution Conf. 11.11);
- for specimens that are destined for scientific research;
- for animals or plants forming part of a travelling collection
or exhibition, such as a circus.
There are special rules in these cases and a permit or certificate
will generally still be required. Anyone planning to import or export/
re-export specimens of a CITES species should contact the
national CITES Management Authorities of the countries of import
and export/re-export for information on the rules that apply.
Some Parties have domestic legislation with trade controls stricter
than those required by CITES. In these cases, compliance with
CITES regulations may not be sufficient to ensure that trade is
legal.
When a specimen of a CITES-listed species is transferred
between a country that is a Party to CITES and a country that is
not, the country that is a Party may accept documentation
equivalent to the permits and certificates described above.
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