FAMILY: Crocodylidae (Cuvier 1807), Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris :64.

DISTRIBUTION: Roughly circumtropical.
COMMENT: The original spelling of the group name was Crocodili. Although Stejneger and Barbour 1917, Checklist N. Am. Amph. Rept. :41, were among the first to use the present spelling, Deraniyagala 1930, Ceylon J. Sci. Zool. Geol. (B)16:90, emended the spelling to conform with current rules on family-group name endings and in the spelling of the type-generic name upon which family-group names are based; see Smith and Smith 1977, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico 5:55.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.

SUBFAMILY: Crocodylinae (Cuvier 1807), Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris :64.

DISTRIBUTION: Coextensive with the family.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.

Crocodylus Laurenti 1768, Spec. Med. Synops. Rept. :53.

TYPE SPECIES: Crocodilus vulgaris Cuvier 1807 (=Crocodylus niloticus Laurenti 1768), by subsequent designation of Fitzinger 1843, Syst. Rept. 1:35, and Brown 1908, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 60:113.
DISTRIBUTION: Africa south of the Sahara; Madagascar; southern and southeastern Asia, from Iran through the Philippines, Indonesia, and New Guinea, to Palau, and Fiji; northern Australia; Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, and Cayman Islands, Greater Antilles; Florida, U.S.A.; northern Sinaloa and Tamaulipas, Mexico, to Venezuela and northwestern Peru.
COMMENT: Mook and Mook 1940, Am. Mus. Novit. 1098:4-5, and Medem 1981, Croc. Sur America 1:53-64, indicated problems with the type-species designation; see Smith and Smith 1977, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico 5:83-84, for discussion. See also Cogger, Cameron, and Cogger 1983, Zool. Cat. Australia Amph. Rept. 1:57-58.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: AO, AU, BD, BF, BI, BN, BW, BZ, CF, CG, CI, CN, CM, CO, CR, CU, DO, EC, EG, ET, GA, GQ, GH, GM, GN, GT, GW, HT, HN, ID, IL, IN, IR, JM, KE, KH, LA, LK, LR, MG, ML, MW, MY, MX, MZ, NA, NE, NI, NG, NP, PA, PC, PE, PG, PH, PK, RW, SC, SG, SL, SN, SO, SU, SV, SZ, TD, TG, TH, TT, TZ, UG, US, VE, VN, ZA, ZM, ZR, ZW.
COMMON NAME: Crocodiles, Cocodrilos.

Crocodylus acutus (Cuvier 1807), Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 10:55.

ORIGINAL NAME: Crocodilus acutus.
TYPES: 5 or more Syntypes: MNHN.
TYPE LOCALITY: "La grande ile de Saint-Domingue, Antilles, Amerique" (=Hispaniola; most probably the French portion which today is Haiti); restricted to "Santo Domingo, Puerto Plata," by Smith and Taylor 1950, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 33(8):364; and further restricted to "L'Etang, Saumatre, Haiti," by Schmidt 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., ed. 6:111.
DISTRIBUTION: South Florida, U.S.A.; Cuba and Isla de Juventud (=Isla de Pinos), Jamaica, Cayman Islands (probably extirpated), and Hispaniola (known from fossils in Bahamas); in Atlantic coast drainages from Yucatan, Mexico, through Central America to near the mouth of the Orinoco River, Venezuela, and in the Pacific drainages from northern Sinaloa (known from fossils in Baja California), Mexico, south to the Tumbes River, in extreme northwestern Peru.
COMMENT: In revising earlier works on crocodiles, Cuvier 1807, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 10:8-66, showed that plate 106, fig. 1, of Seba 1734, Loc. Rerum Nat. Thes. Acc. Descr. Vol. 1, was too inaccurate to be identified. Because its description was based solely on Seba's plate 106, fig. 1, Stejneger 1933, Copeia (3):118, stated that Crocodylus americanus Laurenti 1768, Spec. Med. Synops. Rept. :54, was unavailable. Stejneger and Barbour 1917, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept. :41; Stejneger 1917, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 53:259-291; Mook and Mook 1940, Am. Mus. Novit. 1098:4-5; and most later authors used acutus Cuvier 1807 in combination with Laurenti's spelling of Crocodylus. Smith and Smith 1977, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico 5:87-94, reviewed the nomenclature and fixed Crocodylus americanus Laurenti 1768, as a junior synonym of Lacerta crocodilus Linnaeus 1758.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed, F. Ross.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I; U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Endangered. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:319-324, and listed as Endangered. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.001:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.001:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: BZ, CO, CR, CU, DO, EC, GT, HN, HT, JM, MX, NI, PA, PE, SV, US, VE.
COMMON NAME: American crocodile, Caiman, Caiman de la Costa, Central American alligator, Cocodrilo, Lagarto

Crocodylus cataphractus Cuvier 1825, Rech. Oss. Foss. Quadrop., ed. 2, 5(2):58.

TYPE: Holotype: RCSM 710, a dried specimen in the osteological collection.
TYPE LOCALITY: Unknown; restricted to "Senegal," by Fuchs, Mertens, and Wermuth 1974, Stuttgart. Beitr. Naturk. A.(Biol.) 266:3.
DISTRIBUTION: Senegal to western Tanzania and Angola.
COMMENT: Even though Brazaitis 1971, Zoologica 56(2):71-75, demonstrated that Mook 1921, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 44(13):165-173, Wermuth 1953, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 29(2):493-495, and Wermuth and Mertens 1961, Schildkr. Krok. Brücken. :359, 361, incorrectly identified and illustrated a skull of C. cataphractus as belonging to C. intermedius; the error was repeated by Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.003:1-2.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed, G. Mayer, and F. Ross.
STATUS: CITES Appendix I; U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Endangered. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:325-327, and listed as Indeterminate. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.002:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.002a-2b:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: AO, BF, BJ, CG, CM, CF, CI, GA, GH, GM, GN, GW, LR, ML, NG, SL, SN, TD, TG, TZ, ZR.
COMMON NAME: African slender-snouted crocodile, African sharp-nosed crocodile, African gavial, Faux-gavial africain.

Crocodylus intermedius Graves 1819, Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. Bruxelles 2:344.

ORIGINAL NAME: Crocodilus intermedius.
TYPE: Holotype: MNHN 7512.
TYPE LOCALITY: Unknown.
DISTRIBUTION: Drainage of the Orinoco River of Venezuela and eastern Colombia, occasionally washing up on the shores of Trinidad and nearby islands.
COMMENT: Brazaitis 1971, Zoologica 56(2):71-75, unraveled a number of erroneous literature citations, and demonstrated that Mook 1921, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 44(13):165-173, Wermuth 1953, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 29(2):493-495, and Wermuth and Mertens 1961, Schildkr. Krok. Brücken. :359, 361, incorrectly identified and illustrated a skull of C. cataphractus as belonging to C. intermedius. The error was repeated by Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.003:1-2. The Grenada record cited by Schwartz and Thomas 1975, Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist. Sp. Publ. (1):203, was a single individual which subsequently died according to Barbour 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. :222-223. Reviewed by Thorbjarnarson and Franz 1987, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 406:1-2.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed, G. Mayer, and F. Ross.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I; U.S.A. Endangered Species act: Endangered. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:329-331, and listed as Endangered. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.003:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.003:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: CO, TT, VE.
COMMON NAME: Orinoco crocodile, Caiman del Orinoco, Cocodrilo del Orinoco.

Crocodylus johnsoni Krefft 1873, Proc. Zool. Soc. London :334.

ORIGINAL NAME: Crocodylus johnsoni.
TYPE: Holotype: AMS 4629 skeleton and AMS 4627 skin minus skull from same specimen.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Cashmere, upper Herbert River, Qld" (=Queensland), Australia.
DISTRIBUTION: Restricted to freshwaters, and a few brackish water rivers, in the tropical north (north of 20°S) of Australia.
COMMENT: The BMNH has a cast of the skull of the holotype. Reviewed by Cogger, Cameron, and Cogger 1983, Zool. Cat. Australia Amph. Rept. 1:58-59, as C. johnstoni. Because the species was named for Sub-Inspector Robert A. Johnstone, Australian researchers use the name Crocodylus johnstoni. After receiving a letter from Krefft explaining the mistaken original spelling, Gray 1874, Proc. Zool. Soc. London :177, tried to correct the specific epithet to johnstoni; see also Boulenger 1889, Cat. Chel. Rhynch. Croc. British Mus. :279. Unfortunately, in this instance the rules for correcting incorrect original spellings, Art. 32d of the International Rules of Zoological Nomenclature, do not apply. A name based on a typographical error can be emended by subsequent authors without a ruling from the Intl. Comm. Zool. Nomen., however, Krefft used the name johnsoni several times in the original description so it clearly does not qualify as a typographical error. Until a successful appeal is made to the Intl. Comm. Zool. Nomencl., the name must stand as originally published. Without any justification, Wells and Wellington 1983, Australian J. Herp. 1(3-4):74, and Wells and Wellington 1985, Australian J. Herp. Suppl. Ser. l:11, resurrect Philas Gray and place johnsoni and novaeguineae in that genus. With an inadequate description and no diagnosis, Wells and Wellington 1985, Australian J. Herp. Suppl. Ser. l:11, also apply the name Philas webbi to the population of johnsoni in the headwaters of the McKinlay River, Northern Territory solely because of the small size of those animals.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed, H. Wermuth.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix II. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:333-336, and listed as Vulnerable. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.004:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.004:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: AU.
COMMON NAME: Johnstone's crocodile, Johnston's crocodile, Johnson's crocodile, Australian freshwater crocodile, Freshie.

Crocodylus mindorensis Schmidt 1935, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. 20(8):68.

TYPE: Holotype: FMNH 11135.
TYPE LOCALITY: "the island of Mindoro, Philippine Islands."
DISTRIBUTION: Philippine and Sulu Archipelagos; Luzon, Mindoro, Busuanga, Masbate, Samar, Negros, Mindanao, and Jolo islands.
COMMENT: Considered a subspecies of Crocodylus novaeguineae by Wermuth 1953, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 29(2):489-493, and Wermuth and Mertens 1961, Schildkr. Krok. Brücken. :365-368, but considered a distinct species by Schmidt 1956, Fieldiana: Zool. 33(5):535-539, and Wermuth and Mertens 1977, Das Tierreich 100:143. Hall 1989, Copeia (1):70-80, discussed variation and distinctive morphology of this species and of C. novaeguineae. Reviewed by Ross and Alcala 1983, Kalik. Philippine J. Biol. 12(1-2):169-173, Ross 1984, IUCN Publ. N.S. :84-90, and Riosuke 1985, Herpetofauna 7(34):6-10.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I (as Crocodylus novaeguineae mindorensis); U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Endangered (as Crocodylus novaeguineae mindorensis). Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:337-339, and listed as Endangered. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.007:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.007b:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: PH.
COMMON NAME: Philippine crocodile, Mindoro crocodile, Philippine freshwater crocodile.

Crocodylus moreletii Duméril and Bibron 1851, In: Duméril and Duméril, Cat. Method. Coll. Rept. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris :28.

ORIGINAL NAME: Crocodilus Moreletii.
TYPES: 2 Syntypes: MNHN 7520, a stuffed and mounted specimen collected by P.M.A. Morelet and figured by Duméril 1852, Archiv. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 6:pl. 20, and a younger specimen in the MHND (number unknown). Smith and Smith 1977, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico 5:95, designated MNHN 7520, the lectotype. See comment below.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Lac Flores (Yucatan)," Guatemala; restricted by Smith and Taylor 1950, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 199:211, and Smith and Taylor 1950, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 33(8):318, restricted it to "Guatemala, El Peten, Laguna de Peten".
DISTRIBUTION: Atlantic drainages from central Tamaulipas, Mexico, south to Belize and Guatemala.
COMMENT: Duméril and Bibron 1851, In: Duméril and Duméril, Cat. Method. Coll. Rept. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris :28, did not indicate their description of C. moreletii was based on more than one specimen. However, Duméril 1852, Archiv. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6:254, stated that Morelet collected two specimens at Lac Flores, that the description of C. moreletii was based on both specimens, an adult specimen stuffed and on exhibit in Paris and a younger specimen sent to the MHND after examination in Paris. Interestingly, Morelet 1871, Travels Centr. America :203-205, mentioned sending only one specimen to Paris, where it was stuffed and put on exhibit. Stuart 1963, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 122:133, listed MNHN 7520 as type, and incorrectly attributed C. moreletii to Duméril and Bocourt 1851. Smith and Smith 1977, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico 5:95, believing there were 2 syntypes of C. moreletii designated MNHN 7520, the lectotype, and following Stuart, incorrectly stated the original description contains an explicit attribute to Duméril and Bocourt. Günther 1885 [1885-1890], Biol. Centr. Am. Rept. Batr.:21, and Schmidt 1924, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. 12(6):79-92, noted this species in eastern Mexico; many later authors incorrectly listed Crocodylus acutus from these localities. This species is not found in Honduras or further south, although early authors listed it as occurring in Central America; Barbour and Ramsden 1919, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(2):209, incorrectly indicated the type material of C. moreletii was collected in Cuba and shipped to Paris from Central America. Reviewed by Ross 1987, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 407:1-3.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed, F. Ross.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I; U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Endangered. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:341-344, and listed as Endangered. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.005:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.005:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: BZ, GT, MX.
COMMON NAME: Morelet's crocodile, Belize crocodile, Central American crocodile, Cocodrilo de Morelet.

Crocodylus niloticus Laurenti 1768, Spec. Med. Synops. Rept. :53.

TYPE: Not traced.
TYPE LOCALITY: India and Egypt; restricted by Fuchs, Mertens and Wermuth 1974, Salamandra 10(3, 4):110, to "Agypten" (=Egypt).
DISTRIBUTION: Subsaharan Africa and the Nile; Madagascar; formerly in the Zerka River, Israel, Comoros, and Seychelles.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I; except Zimbabwe population is on Appendix II, and populations in Botswana, Cameroon, Congo Republic, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Republic of Tanzania, Sudan, and Zambia are on Appendix II with annual export quotas. U.S.A. Endangered Species act: Endangered. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:345-354, and listed as Vulnerable. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.006:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.006a-6g:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: AO, BF, BI, BJ, BW, CG, CI, CM, CF, EG, GQ, ET, GM, GA, GH, GN, GW, IL, KE, KM, LR, MG, ML, MW, MZ, NA, NE, NG, RW, SC, SL, SN, SO, SU, TD, TG, TZ, UG, ZA, ZM, ZW, ZR.
COMMON NAME: Nile crocodile, Mamba.

Crocodylus novaeguineae Schmidt 1928, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. 12(14):177.

ORIGINAL NAME: Crocodilus novae-guineae.
TYPE: Holotype: FMNH 13092.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Ibundo, lower Sepik River, northern New Guinea".
DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.
COMMENT: Ross 1986, Proc. 7th Work. Meet. Croc. Sp. Group :349, reports morphological differences between the northern and southern populations of novaeguineae in New Guinea, as did Hall 1989, Copeia (1):70-80, who also compared the distinctive morphology of this species to that of C. mindorensis. See also comment under Crocodylus mindorensis. Without any justification, Wells and Wellington 1983, Australian J. Herp. 1(3-4):74, resurrect Philas Gray and place novaeguineae and johnsoni in that genus.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix II; U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: unlisted; but see Crocodylus mindorensis status above. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:355-362, and listed as Vulnerable. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.007:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.007a:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: ID, PG.
COMMON NAME: New Guinea crocodile, New Guinea freshwater crocodile.

Crocodylus palustris Lesson 1831, Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol. Paris 25(2):121.

ORIGINAL NAME: Crocodilus palustris.
TYPE: Not traced.
TYPE LOCALITY: Mainland India; restricted to Ganges by Lesson 1834, In: Bélanger, Voy. Ind. Orient. Zool. :305.
DISTRIBUTION: Extreme eastern Iran to Burma and Sri Lanka.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I; U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Endangered. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:363-370, and listed as Vulnerable. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.008:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.008:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: BD, BU, IN, IR, LK, NP, PK.
COMMON NAME: Mugger crocodile, Muggar, Marsh crocodile, Swamp crocodile.

Crocodylus porosus Schneider 1801, Hist. Amph. Nat. Lit. 2:159.

ORIGINAL NAME: Crocodylus porosus.
TYPE: Lectotype: ZMB 278, designated by Wermuth 1954, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 30:485.
TYPE LOCALITY: Unknown; designated as "Ceylon" (=Sri Lanka) by Mertens 1960, Senckenb. Biol. 41(5-6):271.
DISTRIBUTION: Southwestern India and Sri Lanka to Indochina, the Philippines, Australasian archipelago, New Guinea, northern Australia; Solomon Islands; Fiji; Palau (Caroline Islands), Ponape.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Cogger, Cameron, and Cogger 1983, Zool. Cat. Australia Amph. Rept. 1:59. Wells and Wellington 1985, Australian J. Herp. 1:10, erect the name Crocodylus pethericki for the crocodiles inhabiting the headwaters of the Finnis and Reynolds rivers in order to separate them from porosus found in the coastal lowlands of the Northern Territory; then on the following page (1985, Australian J. Herp. 1:11) they assign the name pethericki to the entire Australian population. Without justification, Wells and Wellington 1985, Australian J. Herp. 1:10-11, also recognize as full species the populations in Ceylon and India as Crocodylus porosus; Java as, C. biporcatus; and Borneo, C. raninus.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I; except that Papua New Guinea and Australian populations are on Appendix II, and the Indonesian population is on Appendix I with an annual export quota. U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Endangered. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:371-390, and listed as Endangered. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.009:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.009:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: AU, BD, BU, ID, IN, KH, LA, LK, MY, PC, PG, PH, TH, VN.
COMMON NAME: Estuarine crocodile, Saltwater crocodile, Saltie, Buaya, Baya.

Crocodylus rhombifer Cuvier 1807, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 10:51, 12:pl.1, figs. 1-5.

ORIGINAL NAME: Crocodilus rhombifer.
TYPES: 2 Syntypes: a whole specimen in the Academy of Sciences (Paris) and a MNHN skin and skull; both syntypes now unlocated. See comment below.
TYPE LOCALITY: Unknown; attributed to Cuba by Duméril and Bibron 1836, Erpét. Gén. Hist. Nat. Rept. 3:101.
DISTRIBUTION: Cuba and Isla de Juventud (=Isla de Pinos), and Cayman Islands (believed extirpated); known as fossils from Bahamas and Cayman Islands.
COMMENT: The MNHN specimen was already mangled when Cuvier 1807, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 10:51, removed its skull and mandibles as an osteological specimen. Excellent figures of this skull were published by Cuvier 1808, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 12:pl. 1, figs. 1-5 (incorrectly labelled "tom 5, pl. 3), and Cuvier 1812, Rech. Oss. Foss. Quadrop. (5)4(2):pl. 1, figs 1-5. The Academy of Science (Paris) collection, presumably including its rhombifer syntype, later was transferred to the MNHN. Vaillant 1898, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris (3)10:143-212, indicated that when better material became available, Cuvier disposed of the mutilated types of rhombifer. Boulenger 1889, Cat. Chel. Rhynch. Croc. British Mus. :287, indicates a BMNH adult stuffed specimen was received in exchange from the MNHN. In the offhand chance that this specimen might be one of the syntypes, it should be compared to Cuvier's description. Known as fossils from Cuba, the Cayman Islands, and Bahamas. Reviewed by Barbour and Ramsden 1919, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(2):203-210. Also see C. moreletii comments.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed, C.A. Ross, F. Ross.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I; U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Endangered. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:391-392, and listed as Endangered. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.010:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.010:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: CU.
COMMON NAME: Cuban crocodile, Cocodrilo de Cuba, Cocodrilo criollo, Cocodrilo legitimo, Cocodrilo perla.

Crocodylus siamensis Schneider 1801, Hist. Amph. Nat. Lit. 2:157.

ORIGINAL NAME: Crocodilus siamensis.
TYPES: Illustrations in Du Vernay 1733. Mem. Acad. Roy. Sci. 1666-1669, Paris 3(2):plate 64, between pages 254-255.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Siam" (=Thailand).
DISTRIBUTION: Thailand and southern Vietnam to Java, Borneo, and Sulawesi (=Celebes).
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I; U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Endangered. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:393-395, and listed as Endangered. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.001.011:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.001.011:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: ID, KH, LA, MY, SG, TH, VN.
COMMON NAME: Siamese crocodile, Siamese freshwater crocodile.

Osteolaemus Cope 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1860:549.

TYPE SPECIES: Osteolaemus tetraspis Cope 1861, by monotypy.
DISTRIBUTION: As for the only species.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: AO, BF, BJ, CI, CD, CF, CG, CM, GA, GH, GN, LR, NG, SL, TD, TG, ZR.
COMMON NAME: Dwarf crocodiles.

Osteolaemus tetraspis Cope 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1860, 12:550.

TYPE: Not traced.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Ogowe River, French Equatorial Africa," Gabon.
DISTRIBUTION: Guinea and Upper Volta to Angola.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I; U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Endangered (as Osteolaemus tetraspis tetraspis and Osteolaemus tetraspis osborni). Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:397-400, and listed as Indeterminate. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.002.001:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.002.001a-1b:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: AO, BF, BJ, CD, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GH, GN, LR, NG, SL, TD, TG, ZR.
COMMON NAME: Dwarf crocodile, West African dwarf crocodile, Broad-nosed crocodile.

SUBFAMILY: Tomistominae Kälin 1955, Traité Paléontologie 5:772.

DISTRIBUTION: As for the single species.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.

Tomistoma Müller 1846, Arch. Naturgesch. Berlin 12:122.

TYPE SPECIES: Crocodilus (Gavialis) schlegelii Müller 1838, by monotypy.
DISTRIBUTION: As for the only species.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: ID, MY, SG, TH.
COMMON NAME: False gavial.

Tomistoma schlegelii (Müller 1838), Tijdschr. Nat. Gesch. Amsterdam Leyden 5:77, pl. 3.

ORIGINAL NAME: Crocodilus (Gavialis) schlegelii.
TYPES: 6 Syntypes: RMNH 3200, 7934, 7935, skeleton RMNH osteological catalogue a, and skulls RMNH ost. cat. b, c.
TYPE LOCALITY: Southern Borneo.
DISTRIBUTION: Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo.
COMMENT: Strauch 1866, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg (7)10(13):62, mentioned a specimen in the Stuttgart Museum reputed to be from Java. As noted by De Rooij 1915, Rept. Indo-Austr. Arch. 1:336, and Neill 1971, Last Ruling Rept. :434, the species has not been reported from there since.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I; U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Endangered. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:401-404, and listed as Endangered. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.002.003.001:1-2 and 5: L-306.002.003.001:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: ID, MY, SG, TH.
COMMON NAME: Tomistoma, False gavial, False gharial, Malay gavial, Sunda gavial, Buaya kanulong.

FAMILY: Gavialidae Adams 1854, Manual Nat. Hist.:70.

DISTRIBUTION: As for the single species.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.

Gavialis Oppel 1811, Ordn. Fam. Gatt. Rept. :19.

TYPE SPECIES: Lacerta gangetica Gmelin 1789, by monotypy.
DISTRIBUTION: As for the only species.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: BD, BU, IN, NP, PK.
COMMON NAME: Gharial.

Gavialis gangeticus (Gmelin 1789), In: Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 13, 1:1057.

ORIGINAL NAME: Lacerta gangetica.
TYPE: Not located.
TYPE LOCALITY: Senegal and Ganges; restricted to Ganges River by Wermuth 1953, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 29(2):504.
DISTRIBUTION: Pakistan to Burma.
COMMENT: See Smith 1931, Fauna British India 1:37-40.
CONTRIBUTOR: W. King.
REVIEWER: P. Brazaitis, K. Dodd, M. Hoogmoed.
STATUS: CITES: Appendix I; U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Endangered. Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:405-413, and listed as Endangered. See Wermuth and Fuchs 1983, In: Dollinger, CITES Ident. Manual 3: A-306.003.001.001:1-2 and 5: L-306.003.001.001:1-2.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: BD, BU, IN, NP, PK.
COMMON NAME: Gharial, Gavial, Indian gharial.

[Top of This Page] --- [Next Page] --- [Table of Contents] --- [Index Search]