FAMILY: Kinosternidae Baur 1893, Am. Naturalist 27(319):674.

DISTRIBUTION: The Americas.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Pritchard and Trebbau 1984, Turt. Venezuela 2:233-237. Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:26-187, provided a review of all taxa found in Mexico. Meylan 1987, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 186(1):1-101, demonstrated the close interfamilial relationship between the Trionychidae, Carettochelyidae, Dermatemydidae, and Kinosternidae. Frair 1972, Copeia (1):97-108, discussed serological relations. See also Bour and Dubois 1984, Bull. Zool. Nom. 41(4):198-205.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.

Kinosternon Spix 1824, Anim. Spec. Nov. Testud. Brasil. :17.

TYPE SPECIES: Kinosternon longicaudatum Spix 1824 (=Testudo scorpioides Linnaeus 1766), by subsequent designation of Fitzinger 1843, Syst. Rept. 1:29.
DISTRIBUTION: Central North America to central South America.
COMMENT:
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: AR, BO, BR, BZ, CO, CR, EC, GF, GT, GY, MX, NI, PA, PE, SR, SV, US, VE.
COMMON NAME: Mud turtles.

Kinosternon acutum Gray 1831, Synops. Rept. Cataphracta 1:34.

ORIGINAL NAME: Kinosternon scorpioides var. acuta.
TYPE: Holotype: BMNH 1947.3.4.58.
TYPE LOCALITY: Not reported; Gray 1844, Cat. Tort. Croc. Amphisb. British Mus. :33, listed data with holotype as "Central America". Restricted to "British Honduras" (=Belize) by Schmidt 1941, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. 22(8):476, and later to "Cosamaloapam, Veracruz," Mexico, by Smith and Taylor 1950, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. 199:23.
DISTRIBUTION: Atlantic slopes of southern Veracruz, Mexico, to Belize and Guatemala, excluding most of the Yucatan peninsula.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Iverson 1980, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 261:1-2, and Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:26-187. Iverson (personal communication) has now examined the holotype and reports it is acutum, contrary to his 1986, Checklist Turt. World :111, supposition that it might represent another species.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: BZ, GT, MX.
COMMON NAME: Tabasco mud turtle.

Kinosternon alamosae Berry and Legler 1980, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co. 325:1.

TYPE: Holotype: LACM 127639.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Rancho Carrizal, 7.2 km north and 11.5 km west of Alamos, Sonora, Mexico," 27°05'N, 109°03'W.
DISTRIBUTION: Sonora and northern Sinaloa, Mexico.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:135-136. The Intl. Comm. Zool. Nomencl. (Melville 1985, Bull. Zool. Nom. 42(3):266-268) suppressed Kinosternon alamose (sic) Pritchard 1979, Encycl. Turt. :556-557, who inadvertently published excerpts from the in press description of Berry and Legler 1980, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co. 325:1.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: MX.
COMMON NAME: Alamos mud turtle.

Kinosternon angustipons Legler 1965, Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. 15:617.

TYPE: Holotype: KU 43631.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Los Diamantes, Limon Province, Costa Rica".
DISTRIBUTION: Caribbean drainages of southern Nicaragua to northern Panama.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Iverson 1980, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 262:1-2.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
STATUS: Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:1, and listed as Rare.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: CR, NI, PA.
COMMON NAME: Narrow-bridged mud turtle.

Kinosternon baurii Garman 1891, Bull. Essex Inst. 23:141.

ORIGINAL NAME: Cinosternon baurii.
TYPES: 11 Syntypes: MCZ 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 1558, 1563, 4380, UMMZ 53038 (formerly MCZ 4718), FMNH 73481 (formerly MCZ 4050).
TYPE LOCALITY: "Key West," Monroe Co., Florida, U.S.A.
DISTRIBUTION: Peninsular Florida, southeastern Georgia and South Carolina, U.S.A.
COMMENT: In the original description, Garman 1891, Bull. Essex Inst. 23:141, mistakenly included Cuba in the distribution of this species. Reviewed by Ernst 1974, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 161:1-2; also see Iverson 1978, J. Herpet. 12:135-142.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: US.
COMMON NAME: Striped mud turtle.

Kinosternon creaseri Hartweg 1934, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan 277:1.

TYPE: Holotype: UMMZ 73090.
TYPE LOCALITY: "one mile south of the Hacienda, Chichen Itza, Yucatan," Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION: Mexico, Yucatan Peninsula.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:87-89, and Iverson 1983, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 312:1-2.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
STATUS: Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:3, and listed as Rare.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: MX.
COMMON NAME: Creaser's mud turtle.

Kinosternon dunni Schmidt 1947, Fieldiana: Zool. 31:109.

TYPE: Holotype: FMNH 42804.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Pizarro, Choco, Colombia".
DISTRIBUTION: Pacific drainages of central Colombia.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Iverson 1981, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 278:1-2.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
STATUS: Evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:5, and listed as Rare.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: CO.
COMMON NAME: Dunn's mud turtle.

Kinosternon flavescens (Agassiz 1857), Contrib. Nat. Hist. U.S.A. Testud. 1:430.

ORIGINAL NAME: Platythyra flavescens.
TYPES: 5 Syntypes: USNM 50, 131823 (formerly 7867), 7892, MCZ 1918, 1919; USNM 50 designated lectotype by Iverson 1978, Copeia (3):478.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Texas, near San Antonio; . . .lower Rio Grande; . . .Red River, Arkansas; . . .and others at Camp Yuma on the Gila River," U.S.A. According to Maslin 1959, Univ. Colorado Stud. Ser. Biol. 6:22, the type locality was incorrectly restricted by Smith and Taylor 1950, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. 199:24, to "Waco, [McLennan Co.] Texas," U.S.A. Restricted to "Rio Blanco, near San Antonio, Texas," U.S.A., by Iverson 1978, Copeia (3):476-479.
DISTRIBUTION: U.S.A. and Mexico; Nebraska to Veracruz, west to Arizona and Sonora; separate population in western Illinois, northeastern Missouri, and southeastern Iowa.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Seidel 1978, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 216.1-4; Iverson 1979, Copeia (2):212-225; Houseal, Bickham, and Springer 1982, Copeia (3):567-580; and Berry and Berry 1984, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 53(7):185-206.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
STATUS: Kinosternon flavescens spooneri evaluated by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:7-11, and listed as Endangered.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: MX, US.
COMMON NAME: Yellow mud turtle.

Kinosternon herrerai Stejneger 1925, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 15:462.

TYPE: Holotype: USNM 61249.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Xochimilco, Valley of Mexico" (in error); restricted to "La Laja, Veracruz," Mexico, by Smith and Taylor 1950, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. 199:24; and later restricted to "Tampico," Tamaulipas, Mexico, by Smith and Brandon 1968, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 71:49-61.
DISTRIBUTION: Mexico, Atlantic drainages of southern Tamaulipas and San Luis Potosi to northern Veracruz and Puebla.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Berry and Iverson 1980, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 239:1-2, and Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:151-155.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: MX.
COMMON NAME: Herrera's mud turtle.

Kinosternon hirtipes Wagler 1830, Nat. Syst. Amph. :137.

ORIGINAL NAME: Cinosternon hirtipes.
TYPE: Holotype: ZSM 1374, 0.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Mexico"; restricted by Schmidt 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., ed. 6:89, to "lakes near Mexico City," Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION: Mexico, from Morelos north to northern Chihuahua and the Big Bend region of Texas, U.S.A.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:137-150, Iverson 1981, Tulane Stud. Zool. Bot. 23:1-74 and 1985 Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 361:1-4.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: MX, US.
COMMON NAME: Mexican rough-footed turtle, Rough-footed mud turtle.

Kinosternon integrum Le Conte 1854, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7:183.

ORIGINAL NAME: Kinosternon integrum.
TYPE: Unknown, not ANSP.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Mexico"; restricted by Smith and Taylor 1950, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. 199:35, to "Acapulco, Guerrero," Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION: Mexico, northern Sonora and southern Tamaulipas, south to Oaxaca.
COMMENT: Early literature confused this species with Kinosternon alamosae and Kinosternon hirtipes. Reviewed by Iverson 1981, Tulane Stud. Zool. Bot. 23:1-74, and Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:114-134.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: MX.
COMMON NAME: Mexican mud turtle.

Kinosternon leucostomum Duméril and Bibron 1851, In: Duméril and Duméril, Cat. Method. Coll. Rept. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris :17.

ORIGINAL NAME: Cinosternon leucostomum.
TYPES: 3 Syntypes: MNHN 2114, 9087 (=8311), 9088; MNHN 8311 designated lectotype by Stuart 1963, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan 122:49.
TYPE LOCALITY: "N. Orlean; Mexique; Rio Sumasinta (Amer. centr.)"; restricted to "Rio Usumacinta, El Peten, Guatemala," by Schmidt 1941, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. 22(8):488; in error further restricted to "Cosamaloapam, Veracruz," Mexico, by Smith and Taylor 1950, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. 199:26.
DISTRIBUTION: Southern Veracruz, Mexico, south to Colombia and Pacific slopes of Ecuador.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:77-86, who indicate K. spurrelli is treated as a synonym of K. leucostomum, see also Iverson 1986, Checklist Turt. World :121.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: BZ, CO, CR, EC, GT, HN, MX, NI, PA, SV.
COMMON NAME: White-lipped mud turtle.

Kinosternon oaxacae Berry and Iverson 1980, J. Herpet. 14:313.

TYPE: Holotype: UCM 48857.
TYPE LOCALITY: "11.6 km N of Pochutla (San Pedro Pochutla) along Mexican Hwy 175 (ca. 235 m), Oaxaca, Mexico (15°46'N, 96°28'W)".
DISTRIBUTION: Southern Oaxaca and extreme southeastern Guerrero, Mexico.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Iverson 1983, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 338:1-2, Iverson 1986, J. Herpet. 20(1):119-123, and by Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:113. The Intl. Comm. Zool. Nomen. suppressed Kinosternon oaxacae Pritchard 1979, Encycl. Turt. :557, which was inadvertently published from the in press description of Berry and Iverson 1980, J. Herpet. 14:313; see Melville 1985, Bull. Zool. Nom. 42(3):266-268.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: MX.
COMMON NAME: Oaxaca mud turtle.

Kinosternon scorpioides (Linnaeus 1766), Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1:352.

ORIGINAL NAME: Testudo scorpioides.
TYPE: Lost.
TYPE LOCALITY: Surinam.
DISTRIBUTION: From southern Tamaulipas, Mexico, south through Central America, including Isla San Andres, and east of the Andes to northern Argentina and Pernambuco in extreme eastern Brazil, including Trinidad.
COMMENT: According to Legler 1965, Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. 15:615-625, and Iverson 1976, Herpetologica 32:258-262, includes Kinosternon abaxillare and Kinosternon cruentatum. Reviewed in part by Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:90-112, and Pritchard and Trebbau 1984, Turt. Venezuela 2:239-248.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: AR, BO, BR, BZ, CO, CR, EC, GF, GT, GY, MX, NI, PA, PE, SR, SV, TT, VE.
COMMON NAME: Scorpion mud turtle.

Kinosternon sonoriense Le Conte 1854, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7:184.

TYPE: ANSP; apparently lost.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Tucson, in Sonora," (=Tucson, Pima County), Arizona, U.S.A.
DISTRIBUTION: U.S.A. and Mexico, the lower Colorado River drainage of Arizona, California, and western New Mexico to northern Sonora and western Chihuahua.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Iverson 1976, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 176:1-2; Iverson 1981, Tulane Stud. Zool. Bot. 23:1-74; and Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:156-162.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: MX, US.
COMMON NAME: Sonoran mud turtle.

Kinosternon subrubrum (Lacépède 1788), Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Ovip. Serp. :132.

ORIGINAL NAME: Testudo subrubra.
TYPE: Not stated.
TYPE LOCALITY: Unknown; designated as "vicinity of Philadelphia," Pennsylvania, U.S.A., by Schmidt 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., ed. 6:90.
DISTRIBUTION: Eastern U.S.A., from New York, Indiana, and Missouri to Florida and eastern Texas.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Iverson 1977, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 193:1-4.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: US.
COMMON NAME: Mud turtle, Common mud turtle, Eastern mud turtle.

Sternotherus Gray 1825, Ann. Philos. 10(2):211.

TYPE SPECIES: Testudo odorata Latreille 1801, by subsequent designation of Stejneger 1902, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 15:236.
DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern Canada and the eastern U.S.A.
COMMENT: Bour and Dubois 1984, Bull. Zool. Nom. 41(4):198-205, and Smith, Smith, and Chizar 1980, Bull. Zool. Nom. 37(2):124-127, clarified the Sternothaerus vs. Sternotherus problem. See also Zug 1971, Herpetologica 27:446-449. Tinkle 1958, Tulane Stud. Zool. 6:3-50, reviewed the relationships of the Sternotherus carinatus complex. Based on protein morphology, shell kinesis, and karyotypes, Seidel, Iverson, and Adkins 1986, Copeia (2):285-294, synonymized Sternotherus with Kinosternon. However, this checklist follows the suggestion of one of the authors, Iverson 1986, Checklist Turt. World :128, that the final decision on the synonymy should await analysis of more morphological data. Reviewed by Zug 1986, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 397:1-3.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
REVIEWER: G. Zug.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: CA, US.
COMMON NAME: Musk turtles.

Sternotherus carinatus (Gray 1855), Cat. Shield Rept. British Mus. 1:47.

ORIGINAL NAME: Aromochelys carinatum.
TYPES: 4 Syntypes: BMNH 1947.3.4.32, 1947.3.4.64, 1947.3.4.83, and 1947.3.4.84.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Louisiana"; restricted to "vicinity of New Orleans," Louisiana, U.S.A., by Schmidt 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., ed. 6:87.
DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern U.S.A., from eastern Texas to southeastern Oklahoma and Mississippi.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Iverson 1979, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 226:1-2.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: US.
COMMON NAME: Razorback musk turtle, Keel-backed musk turtle.

Sternotherus depressus Tinkle and Webb 1955, Tulane Stud. Zool. 3:53.

TYPE: Holotype: TU 16171.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Mulberry Fork of the Black Warrior River, 9 miles east of Jasper, Walker County, Alabama, near the bridge crossing of U.S. Highway 78".
DISTRIBUTION: Black Warrior River system, above the Fall Line, Alabama, U.S.A.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Iverson 1977, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 194:1-2. Wermuth and Mertens 1961, Schildkr. Krok. Brücken. :35 without comment treated this taxon as a subspecies of Sternotherus minor; an arrangement that was followed by Ernst and Barbour 1972, Turt. United States :49; and Mount 1975, Auburn Univ. Agric. Exp. Stat. Auburn, Alabama :303-304. Using allozyme and morphological differences, Seidel and Lucchino 1981, Copeia (1):119-128, demonstrated that S. depressus is as distinct from S. minor, as the latter is from S. carinatus.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
STATUS: U.S.A. Endangered Species Act: Threatened. Evaluated (as Sternotherus minor depressus) by Groombridge 1982, IUCN Amph. Rept. Red Data Book, Pt. 1:13-15, and listed as Indeterminate.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: US.
COMMON NAME: Flattened musk turtle.

Sternotherus minor (Agassiz 1857), Contrib. Nat. Hist. U.S.A. Testud. 1:424.

ORIGINAL NAME: Goniochelys minor.
TYPES: 6 Syntypes: MCZ 1570, 1571 (two specimens), 1572 (two specimens), and 1573. Tinkle 1958, Tulane Stud. Zool. 6:1-56, subsequently identified MCZ 1572 (the two specimens catalogued under this number became USNM 71111 and UMMZ 63520) and MCZ 1573 as Sternotherus odoratus.
TYPE LOCALITY: "neighborhood of Mobile," Alabama, "Columbus, Georgia," and "New Orleans," Louisiana, U.S.A.; restricted to "Columbus, Georgia," by Schmidt 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., ed. 6:88.
DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern U.S.A., from extreme southwestern Virginia and eastern Tennessee to central Florida and eastern Louisiana.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Iverson 1977, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 195:1-2. See comments under Sternotherus depressus.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: US.
COMMON NAME: Loggerhead musk turtle.

Sternotherus odoratus (Latreille 1801), In: Sonnini and Latreille, Hist. Nat. Rept. 1:122.

ORIGINAL NAME: Testudo odorata.
TYPE: Not designated.
TYPE LOCALITY: "les eaux dormantes de la Caroline"; restricted to "vicinity of Charleston, South Carolina," U.S.A., by Schmidt 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., ed. 6:87.
DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern Canada, Ontario and southern Quebec, through the eastern U.S.A. to Florida and Texas.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Reynolds and Seidel 1982, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 287:1-4, and Reynolds and Seidel 1983, J. Herpet. 17:113.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: CA, US.
COMMON NAME: Stinkpot, Common musk turtle.

FAMILY: Staurotypidae Siebenrock 1907, Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 116(1):531.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico and Central America.
COMMENT: Formerly considered a subfamily of the Kinosternidae; Bickham and Carr 1983, Copeia (4):925, suggested that it was the sister-taxon of the Platysternidae and Emydidae, and elevated Staurotypinae to family status.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.

Claudius Cope 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 17:187.

TYPE SPECIES: Claudius angustatus Cope 1865, by monotypy.
DISTRIBUTION: As for the single species.
COMMENT: See comment under Staurotypidae. Reviewed by Iverson and Berry 1980, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 236:1-2.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: BZ, GT, MX,
COMMON NAME: Narrow-bridged musk turtles.

Claudius angustatus Cope 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 17:187.

TYPE: Holotype: USNM 6518; according to Iverson 1986, Checklist Turt. World :132, parts of the same specimen originally were catalogued as both USNM 6518 and 6525.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Tabasco, Mexico".
DISTRIBUTION: Veracruz, Mexico, to Belize and Guatemala, excluding the Yucatan peninsula.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Iverson and Berry 1980, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 236:1-2, and Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:34-38.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: BZ, GT, MX.
COMMON NAME: Narrow-bridged musk turtle.

Staurotypus Wagler 1830, Nat. Syst. Amph. :137.

TYPE SPECIES: Terrapene triporcata Wiegmann 1828, by subsequent designation of Fitzinger 1843, Syst. Rept. 1:29.
DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico and northern Central America.
COMMENT: See comment under Staurotypidae. Reviewed by Iverson 1985, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 362:1-2.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: BZ, GT, HN, MX, SV.
COMMON NAME: Mexican musk turtles, Giant musk turtles, Cross-breasted turtles.

Staurotypus salvinii Gray 1864, Proc. Zool. Soc. London :127.

ORIGINAL NAME: Staurotypus (Stauremys) salvinii.
TYPE: Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.22.79.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Huamanchal [=Huamuchil], Guatemala".
DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Oaxaca, Mexico, through southern Guatemala to El Salvador.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Dean and Bickham 1983, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 327:1-2 and Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:43-46.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: GT, MX, SV.
COMMON NAME: Central American musk turtle, Pacific coast giant musk turtle.

Staurotypus triporcatus (Wiegmann 1828), Isis von Oken 21:364.

ORIGINAL NAME: Terrapene triporcata.
TYPE: Holotype: ZMB 127.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Rio Alvarado," Veracruz, Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION: Veracruz, Mexico to Belize, Guatemala and northwestern Honduras.
COMMENT: Reviewed by Iverson 1983, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept. 328:1-2, and Smith and Smith 1979, Synops. Herpetofauna Mexico Turt. 6:47-51.
CONTRIBUTOR: J. Iverson.
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: BZ, GT, HN, MX.
COMMON NAME: Three-keeled musk turtle, Giant musk turtle, Mexican cross-breasted turtle.

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